Apparatus for determining direction of gradients of stratified masses.



No. 649,636. Patented May I5, I900. H. GOTHAN. APPARATUS FOR DETERMININGDIRECTION OF GRADIENTS 0F STBATIFIED MAS (Application filed may 1,1899.)

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No. 649,636. Patented May I5, I900.

H. GOTHAN. APPARATUS FOR DETERMINING DIRECTION OF GRADIENTS 0FSTRATIFIED M ASSESF (Application filed may 1, 1899.)

2 SheeIs-Sheet 2.

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Unrrnn STATES Parnnrr .llERlrlANN GOTIIAN, OF GOSLAR, GERMANY.

APPARATUS FOR DETERMINING DlRECTlON 0F GRADIENTS OF STRATIFIED MASSES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 649,636, dated May 15,1900.

Application filed May 1, 1899. Serial No. 715.189. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, HERMANN GOTHAN, restaurant-keeper, a citizen ofGermany, residing at Goslar-on-the-Harz, in the Province of Hanover andKingdom of Prussia, Germany, have invented certain new and usefulimprovements in or Relating to Apparatus for the Purpose of Determiningthe Direction of Gradients of Stratified Masses; and I do declare thefollowing to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention,such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains tomake and use the same.

My invention relates to improvements in apparatus for easily andaccurately ascertaining the direction of gradients, &c., of stratifiedmasses, in which apparatus is used a freelyoscillating magnetic needlewithin a surrounded space iuclosed by non-magnetic material and whichcan be fixed in position at a predetermined moment by means of anymechanical device; and the objects of my improvement are, first, tostrongly fix the boring-cylinder to the core to be drawn up to thesurface; second, to break off the core after having secured theboring-cylinder to it and fixed the magnetic needle which is arranged inthe upper part of said cylinder; third, to provide the lower edge of theboring-cylinder with marks, and, fourth, to use a revoluble disk bearinga straight line andbeing in combination with sockets that are alsoprovided with indicating-marks. I attain these objects by the mechanismillustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is across-section of part of a boring-cylinder. Fig. 2 is a cross-section,on a larger scale, of the head of a cylinder with the apparatus out ofaction. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the apparatus. Figs. 4 and 5 arecrosssections of the apparatus when set for action. Figs. 6 and 7 show aplan and under side view of Figs. 4 and 5, respectively; and Figs. 8 and9 represent the device for use in finally ascertaining the position ofthe body to be examined.

The boring-cylinder a, consisting of several parts screwed together, thehead I) of the boring-cylinder, and the first connecting-rod c are madeof a non-magnetic material. The

end of the boring-cylinder is provided with the usual boring-crownprovided with the usual core-retainer for the core 7t. For the purposeof holding and fixing the magnetic needle and comparing its relativeposition a clockwork mechanism is made use of, in this case serving asan example. The clockwork mechanism is contained in a casing which isfastened to a plate 6, fixed to the boring-cylinder u and close up tothe protecting-head I), also screwed into or connected to theboringcylinder. In this casing is set, by means of guides or ribs 9,Figs. Zand 3, the clock-case proper, 7L, so as not to be movable, towhich case the bottom plate 7L, carrying the clockwork mechanism 1', isfastened by means of a bayonet or other connection. The clockwork i issimilar to that of an ordinary alarm-clock, but without the soundingdevice or minutehand, and is provided with a spring-hand. Thesetting-hand r can be set as required, as in the case of alarm-clocks.On the upper end of the minute-wheel shaft oscillates freely a magneticneedle I, which can bysuitable means he suddenly lifted and securelyheld against a bar m on the inner side of the clock-case h. For thispurpose the magnetic needle may be provided with small pin-likeprojections, and the bar covered with a layer of paper, leather, ormaterial with which the pins may engage. The holding device for themagnetic needle consists of a spring at, Figs. 2 and 4 to 7, which isfastened at the upper part of the mechanism and provided at its lowerend with a conicalpin o. The pin 0 rests against a conical projection orend of a lever 19, thereby keeping that lever and its pin 19' out ofengagement with the balance q of the clockwork, Figs. 5 and 7. The hand1* being set at any desired number, Figs. 2 to 5, on the dial t"say onthe number 1, Fig. 3the spring a, and with it the lower hand T, willmove upward the moment the projection 3, Figs. 4 and 5, enters acorresponding recess in the setting-disk connected to the hand 1''. Themagnetic needle 1 is thereby pressed against the bar m and heldsecurely, Fig. 2. At the same moment the conical pin 0 is freed from thecontact with the lever p, and the pin 19 is pressed by means of thespring tagainst the balance q, Fig. '7, thus stopping at the same momentthe action of the clockwork mechanism. The clockwork thus stopped andthe magnetic needle fixed in the position it occupied at that moment,pointing due north, as shown by the hatched needle in Fig. 7, the core,pinched in the boring-cylinder by means of the usual core-retainer, isbroken off, and then in strong connection with said cylinder drawn up tothe surface.

The apparatus is used in the following manner: At the lower edge of theboring-cylinder there are two marks opposite to each other, say marks Aand B, Fig. 8. The core that has been drawn up with and inside thecylinder With a line corresponding to the above marks A B, Fig. 8, andthen placed, contained, as it is, in the cylinder, in a socket, Fig. 9,also provided with marks exactly corresponding with the marks A and B ofthe cylinder, so that the marks correspond on the cylinder with themarks on the socket. The socket, with the cylinder and cone inside, isnow placed perpendicularly on a horizontally-revoluble disk 12, Figs. 8and 9, also marked with a straight line A B, the socket being so placedon it that the marks A B of the socket exactly correspond with the linemarked A B on the disk. The connecting part b of the boring-cylinder isnext taken off, as well as the cover f of the clockwork-casing, therebyexposing to view the time-dial and the magnetic needle. By means ofplumbs w the direction of the fixed magnetic needle is ascertained, thepoints indicated on the disk by the plumbs joined by a straight line,and the N pole indicated by the needle marked therein. The differentparts of thecylinder are now unscrewed until the cone is exposed, withthe several strata exhibited in their true relative position to the poleN. The clockwork is now set on the case and so arranged that the stillstationary magnetic needle is again placed in a vertical plane throughthe line determined by means of the plumbs. The magnetic needle is nowfree to oscillate by turning back the hand o The needle will now seekthe true north pole and stop oscillating. Now the core, together withthe clock mechanism on it, is turned by means'of the revoluble disk sameas that it occupied originally in the earth. In case the lowest portionof the core is to be examined, which is still contained in the crown ofthe boring-cylinder and held by the core-retainer, the core is drawn outupward, care being taken to keep the line marked on the core in thedirection A B, and then placed, as before, on the line A B and theoperation carried on as before.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my saidinvention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare thatwhat I claim is 1. An apparatus for the purpose of determining thedirection of gradients, &c., of stratified masses, which apparatusconsists of a boring-cylinder which is usually provided with anoscillating magnetic needle and a clockwork to fix the same at apredetermined moment; of a horizontally-revoluble disk and of two plumbsand two sockets that are both in combination with said disk,substantially as described.

2. In apparatus for the purpose of determining the direction ofgradients, &c., of stratified masses a boring-cylinder b, a, cl which isprovided at its lower edge with two marks A and B in combination with ahorizontally-revoluble disk provided with a corresponding straightmarking-line A B, sockets to and it also provided with indicating-marksand plumbs w for the purpose of comparing the marked boring-cylinder,the core and the magnetic needle in relation to the scale-disk,substantially as described.

HERMANN GOTHAN.

Witnesses:

WILHELM BIOHONHEIM, KIRKE LATHROP.

